นิติปรัชญาในโลกมุสลิม

Pawarit Lertdhamtewe

Authors

Pawarit Lertdhamtewe Faculty of Law, Ramkhamhaeng University

Keywords:

Philosophy of Law, Islamic Philosophy, Jewish Philosophy, Medieval Philosophy

Abstract

In AD 476, the whole of the Western Roman Empire was destroyed, and nearly all the Greek philosophies were forgotten. This is different compared to the area developed during the Middle Ages into an Arabic-speaking Muslim culture. After the death of Muhammad in AD 632, both the Middle East and North Africa, which were
part of Western Roman, were won over by Islam. Shortly thereafter, Spain became part of the world of Islamic culture. All through the Middle Ages, the Muslims were predominant in philosophy and sciences. This article considers the philosophy of law in the Islamic world. It specifically deals with the political philosophy, what constitutes a well-ordered polity, the idea of the ideal ruler and Islamic jurisprudence. Three individuals stand out in the tradition of medieval Islamic philosophy for the sake of jurisprudence and well-ordered polity, including Al-Farabi, Avicenna and Averroes. This article argues that in a number of areas, hilosophy in the Islamic culture was superior to Latin Christendom culture. An even more prominent figure is Averroes, who wrote a commentary on several areas of Aristotle’s works. Great medieval thinkers, such as St. Thomas Aquinas, also benefit from the great commentary
work of Averroes. It can be said that the Greek philosophy of Aristotle was handed down in the west from the Arabs in the South. Aquinas followed Averroes’ footstep by proving that there is no real contradiction between philosophy and revelation in prophetic religions. While this article discusses philosophers who were Muslims, and
about the impact of Islam on philosophy, exploring philosophy in the Islamic world,
however, means looking at Jewish thinkers like Maimonides. He was one of the greatest
exponents of philosophy in the Jewish tradition. The philosophy of Maimonides will also be covered here.

Author Biography

Pawarit Lertdhamtewe, Faculty of Law, Ramkhamhaeng University

Pawarit Lertdhamtewe holds Ph.D. degree from the University of London where he was a Herchel Smith Scholar. He is currently a director of LL.M. program at Bangkok University, Thailand. He has been commissioned by a number of international organizations and Thai public institutions, such as Quaker United Nations Office in Geneva, Office of the Constitutional Court of Thailand, as well as the Ministry of Justice.

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