An Analytical Study of the Criteria for Determining the Territorial Status of "Land of Peace" and "Land of Enemies" and Their Status in the Context of Thailand

Abstract

The concept of territorial division into "Land of Peace" and "Land of Enemies"  is a fundamental principle in Islamic law, particularly in the domain of international law. This classification plays a significant role in shaping the understanding of the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslim states or empires. Islamic jurists have interpreted this concept differently throughout history, with varying perspectives influenced by historical, political, and social contexts.

            This article aims to analyze the criteria used by Islamic jurists to classify the territorial status as either "Land of Peace" and "Land of Enemies", focusing on influential writings and perspectives within Islamic jurisprudence, both historical and contemporary. Furthermore, the article examines and assesses the status of Thailand from this conceptual viewpoint, reflecting on the appropriateness and feasibility of applying these classifications within a modern context characterized by cultural and religious diversity,  In the context of modern society, the designation of "Land of Peace" and "Land of Enemies" may be determined by the rulers or governments of a particular state, especially in cases of disputes between nations. A country might be labeled as a threat or as Land of Enemies" if it oppresses Muslims, shows intentions of invading Muslim lands, or poses a threat to the peace and existence of Islam. In the absence of such conditions, that territory is regarded as "Land of Peace".