STUDY OF RISK GROUPS AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION BEHAVIORS OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES IN BANGKOK AND SURROUNDING AREA
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the risk groups and protective factors of undergraduate students’ smartphone addiction behaviors. The research sample consisted of 400 purposively selected undergraduate students studying at the bachelor’s degree level in private higher education institutions in Bangkok and the surrounding area. The employed data collecting instruments were seven measurement scales to assess causal factors and the outcomes of smartphone addiction behaviors, with reliability coefficients ranging from .88 to
.95. Data was collected between February 25 and April 30, 2022. The t-test, one-way analysis of variance and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis.
The results of studying the risk groups revealed that the first year students had significantly lower level of smartphone addiction behaviors than those of the second year to fourth year students at the .05 level of statistical significance; while smartphone addiction behaviors of the second year to fourth year students were not significantly different. Loneliness and materialistic values were the two main factors that, in descending order, predicted students’ behaviors related to smartphone addiction. The predictive value of smartphone addiction behaviors among undergraduate students was 0.48, indicating that the two factors could, with statistical significance at the .05 level, account for 48 percent of the variance in smartphone
addiction among undergraduate students. Students with strong smartphone addiction behaviors, specifically the second year to fourth year students with significant protective factors like loneliness and materialistic values, made up the urgent risk group that needed to be developed.
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