Creating the Meaning of Female Empowerment in Thai Action Films

Abstract

This research studied: 1)the construction of reality in women's power struggles through representative images of female action figures in Thai films; and 2) perceptions and interpretations of the meaning of women's power struggle from the perspective of audience groups with different social experiences. Qualitative documentary research was done with data gathered from the films “The Raging Phoenix” and “Bua Pan: Beauty and the Blade” as well as in-depth interviews with seven females and two males, aged between 27 and 46, chosen by purposive sampling. Results: 1) Both films offered representative images of female action characters who are strong and determined, engaging in battles and struggles. The construction of the concept of combative women is due to gender inequality. Therefore, characters decide to resist against male-dominated ideology. Screen depiction of these female action heroines includes negative behavior that violates Thai social norms. Violent brawling is shown in a way similar to male combat. In addition, alternative viewpoints and ideologies are presented following the concept of feminism, especially as defined by radical feminist groups. 2) The audience tends to accept the message presented in the films, which conflicts with Thai social norms. However, opposition to the film’s message is found in demographic characteristics, the development of female action characters,and  their relationships with others, choices, and ideology. Women in the real world who display power dynamics need not possess strong bodies or use violence to combat others. The power struggle is not about defeating an opponent, as depicted in female action characters onscreen. Instead, it is about creating space for women to participate in society following the tenets of liberal feminism.